-
Overview
For renewable energy systems, several types of support mechanisms exist, depending on the technology, size and use of the installation. For instance, wind and solar energy technologiesare promoted through tax deductions. The electricity from renewable energy sources fed into the grid can be sold on the free market or to the publicly owned GSE on a guaranteed minimum price (“ritiro dedicato”). In case the price on the free market is higher than the guaranteed minimum price the price difference will be reimbursed. Alternatively, renewable energy prosumers can opt for net-metering (“scambio sul posto”) which provides economical compensation to renewable energy plant operators for the electricity fed into the grid. “Ritiro dedicato” and “scambio sul posto” are not combinable.
National Energy Strategy set the ambitious target of an RES share of 28 % of gross final energy consumption by 2030, comprising a target share of 55 % for electricity (set at 33.5 % in 2015). -
Summary of support system
- Auction and Registry (FER1 Decree) - The incentives provided in the FER 1 decree are accessible through two types of auctioning systems: auctions for large plants and registers for medium-sized plants
- Feed-in tariff (Ritiro dedicato): Electricity generated from renewable energy sources fed into the grid can be sold on the free market or to the GSE on a guaranteed minimum price.
- Net-Metering (scambio sul posto): A scheme that allows prosumers to feed their access (not used) electricity into the grid, and get compensated for it.
- Tax regulation mechanisms (Reduction in value-added tax): renewable energy generation is promoted through VAT tax deductions.
-
Competent authorities
- The Revenue Agency
- GSE
- MiSE
- ARERA
-
Summary
According to the NECP, Italy is planning to increase the gross final energy consumption from RES by 30%. The growth of renewables in the electricity sector is predicted to be a major contributor to this goal with a generation capacity that will satisfy 55% of the total national consumption by 2030. While Solar PV already constitute a significant share of the Italian RES-E, to achieve the mentioned goals solar capacity expected to increase from 19 to 52 gigawatts (GW) and wind from 10 to 19 GW (mostly onshore).
This section will focus on permitting and authorisation process for the following RES technologies: onshore wind, ground-mounted PV and rooftop PV.
The process is composed of four mains steps:
First, site selection is commenced by requesting the town planning designation certificate and identifying suitable and unsuitable areas. Then the lease or purchase of the land on which the plant is to be installed is required.
The administrative authorisation process is the most complex step. Local authorities implement legislation following state guidelines. The type and scope of the authorisation depends on plant’s size and location. Ground-mounted PV and onshore wind projects in Italy mostly undergo the Single Authorisation, the Single Regional Authorisation or the Single Environmental Permitting procedures. For small-scale rooftop PV systems, a Communication Procedure is mainly applied while the Single National Model for the Construction, Connection and Operation of Small Photovoltaic Systems is applied for the approval of small rooftop PV systems below 50 KW.
Finally, when repowering a RES plant there are simplifications depending on the size of modifications. In the event of substantial modifications, Single Authorisation Procedure applies while “non substantial” revamping can be authorized through a Simplified Authorisation Procedure.
The grid connection approval is based on a bilateral agreement between the project developer and the local grid operator. Renewable energy plants have priority in terms of connection and if required, extension of the grid.
Tax obligations differ depending on whether the electricity is generated for self-consumption or sold entirely to the grid. -
Sequential order of process steps
1. Site selection process 2. Administration authorization 3. Grid connection permit 4. Corporate legal-fiscal
-
Competent authorities
- CMA
- regional authority
- MiBAC
- TERNA
