Island facts
Hiiumaa has about 9,558 inhabitants. It is the second-largest island in Estonia and part of the West Estonian archipelago, which is located in the Baltic Sea. The archipelago has an area of 989 square kilometres and is 22 km from the Estonian mainland.
How does Hiiumaa produce energy?
After the shutdown of Kärdla power plant in 1977, Hiiumaa was integrated into the single Estonian energy system with a cable brought along the seabed from Saaremaa. On the island, the main sources of renewable energy are wood and solar technologies. There is less wind, but there is big potential.
The mainland is connected by ferry and plane. It takes 75 minutes by ferry and 25 minutes by plane to get to Hiiumaa.
There is public transport (bus) on Hiiumaa, but many tourists use bicycles and cars. Locals prefer cars because of the distances and low population density.
Vision - Green Hiiumaa
Hiiumaa’s vision for the energy transition aims to reduce carbon emissions by 40% by 2030 and achieve climate neutrality by 2050. The plan focuses on increasing renewable energy use, improving energy efficiency in buildings and transportation, and engaging the local community in sustainability initiatives. Additionally, Hiiumaa is committed to climate adaptation measures to manage risks and enhance resilience.
The islands of Hiiumaa, Vormsi, Kihnu, and Muhu aim to enhance energy resilience and sustainability by integrating municipal EVs, energy storage, and renewable energy solutions. Their plan includes using EVs for transport and grid flexibility, reducing private vehicle reliance and optimising energy use. Energy storage systems will stabilise the grid, support renewables, and increase self-sufficiency, though high costs and infrastructure upgrades remain key challenges. Transitioning municipal fleets to electric and expanding charging networks will cut emissions and promote sustainable transport, but outdated grids and limited funding pose hurdles. Despite these challenges, the islands are committed to creating a cleaner, more resilient energy future. Hiiumaa, Vormsi, Kihnu and Muhu applied as an island group for the Follower Islands programme.