This study assesses the feasibility and benefits of improving public transport in Saaremaa and Ruhnu, with a focus on sustainable and demand-responsive solutions. The analysis aligns with Estonia’s national public transport reform plans and explores the integration of energy cooperatives to power transportation services.
Public transport in Saaremaa and Ruhnu is essential for ensuring mobility, social inclusion, and connectivity, particularly for residents without private vehicles and visitors exploring the islands. However, given their geographical isolation, low population density, and seasonal fluctuations in demand, transport services face unique challenges.
Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are proposed to improve public transport in Saaremaa and Ruhnu in alignment with Estonia’s national reform plans:
- Implement Demand-Responsive Transport (DRT).
- Expand sustainable transport infrastructure.
- Strengthen partnerships with energy cooperatives.
- Enhance accessibility and public awareness.
- Leverage government support and EU funding.